Blog 6: Navigating Risk

Mutual Capacity for Harm

When considering a visit to the Machu Picchu, it’s essential to recognise that my presence as a traveller carries inherent risks – both to myself and to the site itself.

On one hand, Machu Picchu is under severe pressure from overtourism. According to a case study by Schlauderaf et al., Machu Picchu regularly experiences overtourism. (Schlauderaf et al. n.d). That level of foot traffic accelerates erosion and threatens both infrastructure and biodiversity. As a visitor, my very presence — regardless of intent — contributes to that strain. Without deliberate effort, I risk being just another body in the crowd adding to long-term damage.

In order to minimise this risk I would commit to travelling only during the slower parts of the year – late April to May according to testimonies – and would avoid large tour groups. I would also ensure that I support local initiatives designed for sustainable engagement and environmental protection.

On the other hand, Machu Picchu poses a physical risk to me, particularly through altitude related illnesses. Found at over 2,400 meters above sea level, the site is high enough to trigger altitude sickness even in health individuals (CDC, 2022). This, alongside steep, uneven terrain and unpredictable weather conditions and there’s potential for injury, illness or even emergency situations.

To manage this risk, I’d take acclimatisation very seriously by spending time in higher-altitude areas before heading up to Machu Picchu, as well as hydrate regularly and pack medication as a preventative measure. Ultimately, I’d learn to recognise the signs of danger and react to prioritise my safety. Travel isn’t just about taking in new sights — it’s about taking responsibility. Risk must be navigated both ways, as I have the potential to just as much (if not greater) harm to the site than it can do to me.

Peru Insider. (n.d.). Is Machu Picchu safe? https://www.peruinsider.co/is-machu-picchu-safe-peru/ 

Axe, J. (n.d.). Altitude sickness symptoms, causes and natural treatments. DrAxe. https://draxe.com/health/altitude-sickness/ 

Chang, C.-L., McAleer, M., & Ramos, V. (2020). A charter for sustainable tourism after COVID-19. Sustainability, 12(9), 3671. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093671 

Perl, T. M., & Price, C. S. (2020). Managing emerging infectious diseases: Should travel be the fifth vital sign? Annals of Internal Medicine, 172(11), 785–786. https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-0503 

Schlauderaff, S., Press, J., Huston, H., Su, C.-H. (Joan), & Tsai, C. H. (Ken). (n.d.). Are we putting our favorite destinations in peril? A no longer lost city – Machu Picchu case study. [Case study].